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B.E. Semester - VII (IT)

IT703 Systems Analysis and Design

Objectives of The Course

To Provide The Knowledge and Skills Necessary To Develop Physical

Design And Implement And Operational System From The Logical Design.

To Describe The Process of Planning For Change and The Post Impel

Mentation Reviews and Changes. Both Technological and Managerial Aspects of Systems Design and Implementation Ate Considered.

Case Studies Should Be Used As Appropriate. Laboratory Exercise Should Include The Use of Computer - Assisted Methods For System Design. The Human Engineering. Aspects of System Design Should Be Emphasized.

Course Content

1. Application Development Strategies

Selection From Alternative Strategies For Application Development Using, For Example, Contingency Theory. Development Alternatives : Adoption of Packages For New Development (Outside Developer Or In-House Development). Development Methodologies : Life Cycle, Proto-Typing Etc. Influences On Development Strategy : Master Plan, Organizational Environment, Development Organization and Resources and Information System Structure and Resources.

2. Application System Development Life Cycle

Overview Of The Phases of Application System Development Life Cycle and Their Interrelationship. Problem Identification and Feasibility Assessment, Requirements Determination, Logical and Physical Design, Planning To Accommodate Change, Program Development, Implementation, and Post Implementation Evaluation. Emphasis On Phased Development Approach In Planning and Completing The Study Project. Requirements For Documenting and Auditability.

3. Application System Development Management

Project Management Concepts. Project Control For Application System Development. Responsibilities of Project Manager, Project Team Members, Users, Etc. Service Level Agreements Covering Management Disciplines, Management of Change, Problem Resolution, Processing and Networking. Performance Management, Management Reporting. Impact of Project Management On Organizational Planning Cycles.

5. Problem Need Identification And Feasibility Assessment

Sources of Problems and Needs. Defining The "Real" Need/Problem. Problem Analysis : Degree of Uncertainty, Usefulness Of Information System Application, Programmability Volatility. Preliminary Application Requirements Determination : Variable Versus Standardized Outputs, Reporting, Data Acquisition Techniques, Application Life Expectancy, Ownership/Maintenance Responsibility. Preliminary Specification : User-System Interfaces, Mode Of Operation, Input. Output, Software, Hardware. Feasibility Assessment : Economic, Technical Operational and Schedule Feasibility, and Performance To Information System Master Plan. Just Infliction/Approval By Allocation Mechanism : Steering Committee, Pricing Of Information Services, Payback, Cost/Benefit Analysis. Suggested Deliverables By Students : Feasibility Analysis Report and Oral Presentation Plus General Application Objectives Report.

6. Information Requirements Determination 

Strategies For Obtaining Information Requirements For An Application : Eliciting User Definition of Requirements, Studying and Modifying Information Delivered By An Existing System, Deriving Requirements Through Study Of Utilizing System, Interactive Discovery Of Requirements Through Use Of A Prototype System.

Techniques For Information Requirements Determination : Document Study, System Study, Observation, Interviewing. Communication Skills, Listening, Writing, Presenting, Management/Inter-Personal Skills : Conflict Resolution, Negotiation. Requirements Documentation Methods, Narrative, Graphics Layouts, Requirements Languages. Methods For Providing Assurance That Requirements Are Correct and Complete. Selecting Strategies and Techniques. Planning The Process. Suggested Deliverables By Students : (1) Live Interview With Video Tape Critique, and (2) Detailed Requirements Specifications Report Plus Oral Presentation. 

7. Requirement Analysis And Logical Specification

Description Of System Logical Data Flows, Files and Processes By Graphical and Automated Design Techniques : Top-Down Design and Hierarchical Decomposition, Tests For Logical Completeness and Consistency. Data Dictionaries, Content, Format And Organization, Automated Versus Manual Implementations. Process Description Methods Such As Structured English and Decision Tables, Documenting An Existing System. Logical Design For Target System : Data Flows, Files, and Processes, Selection Of Interfaces (Automated Versus Manual), The User Interface. User Views Of Data For Data Base Design. File Requirements : Transport Volume, Response Times, Integrity, Security, Etc. Suggested Deliverables By Students : General Logical Design Report, Documentation Plan, Walkthrough Performance.

8. Quality Assurance Review Of Logical Design

Dimensions For Review : Satisfaction Of User Objectives, Costs and Benefits, Logical Completeness and Consistency Tests, Quality Of User Interface, Participants and Organization For Review Progress. Walkthrough. Certification Documents. User Sign-Off. Suggested Deliverables By Students : Design Walkthrough Plan, Warkthrough Performance and Report.

9. Application Software Make Or Buy Decision

Criteria For Software Selection. Evaluation Process.

10. Planning To Accommodata Change

Organizational and individual need for system stability, need for system changes. system design to accommodate change. monitoring for change, change management, request and approval, assessing impact, determining effect on existing systems, grouping and scheduling changes, making changes : testing, acceptance, updating procedures and documentation. suggested deliverable by student : a system change procedure.

11. Detailed Logicalol Design 

Logical Software Design. Modularization Control and Data Flows, Process Interaction, Process Organization, Module Determination, Module Specifications. Logical File Design, Data Sharing File Structure And Logical Access Methods, Data Representation. Logical Database Design : Alternative Models Such As The Entity Relationship Model Scheme Levels (Conceptual, External, Internal). Representation Of User Views, View Integration : Logical Access Paths. Improvement OF Logical View : Normalization, Aggregation, Abstraction, Etc.

12. Physical Design

File Design Structure, Access, Data Base Interface : Alternatives, Logical Scheme Design. System Integrity : Security, Privacy Auditability, Error Recovery, System Backup. Preliminary Procedures Design. Design Of Controls. Software Test Design : Control, Extreme Values Etc. Development Of Implementation Paln : Strategies Coordination. Suggested Deliverables By Students : Physical System Design Report and Implementation Plan (Programme Structure : Test Plan, Conversion Plan, Training Plan, Operations Procedures Chart).

13. Hardware And System Software Selection

Hardware Configuration : Mainframe and Memory, Front-End Processors Peripherals, Etc. Benchmarks, Kernels, Simulation, Vender Selection Scoring Techniques, Ref : Systems Software Selection (Operation System, Languages Processors, Editors, Cases, Methods, Communication Monitor, Etc.) Network Architectures Performance and Acceptance Criteria. suggested Deliverable By Students, Scoring Sheet With Definition Of Each Type.

14. Program Development And Testing

Language Selection, Functional Decomposition, Structured Programming, Organization Of The Programming Task. Software Objectives and Performance Criteria. Determination Of acceptance Criteria. Software Test Design Strategies : Top-Down, Bottom-Up and Variants. Unit and Integration Testing. Development Of A Testing Plan. Design Of Test Cases and Schedulers. Test Libraries. Suggested Student deliverables : Coding Organization Plan, Design Of Test Cases For Modules and System Integration, Test Schedule.